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NISO S.NO

Sort Rule

Format

Field

Sample Data

Expected Sorted Result

 

2nd indicator in MARC is non-filing character. need to use rules for these in applying sort/display standards.

MARC

Title

 <request>
<user>ole-khuntley</user>
<operation>batchIngest</operation>
<requestDocuments>
<ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
<content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
<record>'
<datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="3">
<subfield code="a">An April Shower</subfield>
</datafield>
</record>
</collection>
]]>
</content>
</ingestDocument>
<ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
<content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
<record>
<datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="9">
<subfield code="a">LANGUAGE TEACHING : LINGUISTIC THEORY IN PRACTICE.</subfield>
</datafield>
 </record>
</collection>
]]>
  </content>
</ingestDocument>
<ingestDocument id="3" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
<content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
<record>
<datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="8">
<subfield code="a">Teacher stress inventory /</subfield>
</datafield>
 </record>
</collection>
]]>
</content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments>
</request>










An April Shower















Teacher stress inventory /









LANGUAGE TEACHING : LINGUISTIC THEORY IN PRACTICE

 

 

 

Author

<request> 
<user>ole-khuntley</user>
<operation>batchIngest</operation>
<requestDocuments>
<ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
<content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
<record>
<datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2="4">
<subfield code="a">Tex,Austin.</subfield>
</datafield>
</record>
</collection>
]]>
</content>
</ingestDocument>
<ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
<content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
<record>
<datafield tag="110" ind1="1" ind2="8">
<subfield code="a">Fimian, Michael J.,</subfield>
</datafield>
</record>
</collection>
]]>
</content>
</ingestDocument>
<ingestDocument id="3" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
<content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
<record>
<datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2="6">
<subfield code="a">Rand, Ted.</subfield>
</datafield>
</record>
</collection>
]]>
</content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments>
</request>










Tex,Austin.











Fimian, Michael J.,











Rand, Ted.




3.2

Punctuation Marks Treated as Spaces(  ,--,/)

 

Title

<request>
<request>
    <user>ole-khuntley</user>
    <operation>batchIngest</operation>
    <requestDocuments>
        <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="">
            <subfield code="a">Facilitating learning communities: Teaching /</subfield>
        </datafield>
      </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments>
</request>

Facilitating learning communities Teaching

 

 

 

Author

<request>
    <user>ole-khuntley</user>
    <operation>batchIngest</operation>
    <requestDocuments>
        <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <datafield tag="100" ind1="" ind2="">
            <subfield code="a">Michael J.,Fimian.</subfield>
        </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
</ingestDocument>
   </requestDocuments>
</request>

Michael J ,Fimian

3.3

Punctuation Marks Ignored (other than  ,--,/)
The following punctuation marks should be disregarded for arrangement purposes: period (full stop), comma, semi-colon, colon, parentheses, square brackets, angle brackets, braces (curved brackets), apostrophe, quotation marks (single or double), exclamation mark, question mark. They are not to be treated as spaces.

 

Title

<request>
  <user>ole-khuntley</user>
  <operation>batchIngest</operation>
  <requestDocuments>
      <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">Ambassador hotel... and so to bed</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments></request></request>



Ambassador hotel and so to bed

 

 

 

Author

<request>
  <user>ole-khuntley</user>
  <operation>batchIngest</operation>
  <requestDocuments>
      <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">Tex, Austin.</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments>
</request>












Tex Austin

3.6

Letters (A through Z)
The records should be arranged in the order of English alphabet ( Upper case and lower case has equal arrangement value)

 

Title

<request>
  <user>ole-khuntley</user>
  <operation>batchIngest</operation>
  <requestDocuments>
      <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">Arithmetic</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
<ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">ambassador hotel</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments></request>


















ambassador hotel



Arithmetic

 

 

 

Author

<request>
  <user>ole-khuntley</user>
  <operation>batchIngest</operation>
  <requestDocuments>
      <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">WHONG, MELINDA</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
<ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">austin</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments></request>

















austin


WHONG MELINDA

3.6.1

Modified Letters
Letters modified by diacritical marks and ligatures of two letters should be arranged like their nearest basic equivalent letters in the English alphabet

 

Title

<request>
  <user>ole-khuntley</user>
  <operation>batchIngest</operation>
  <requestDocuments>
      <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">á story</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
<ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a"> áñ ambassador</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments></request>













a story

an ambassador

 

 

 

Author

<request>
  <user>ole-khuntley</user>
  <operation>batchIngest</operation>
  <requestDocuments>
      <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">áññá</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
<ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">áustin</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments></request>












anna

austin

3.7.1

Superscript and Subscript Characters
Superscript and subscript characters are arranged as "on-the-line"  Characters.Basic characters followed by both  sub- and superscript 
characters are arranged in the sequence: basic character - subscript - superscript.

 

Title

<request>
  <user>ole-khuntley</user>
  <operation>batchIngest</operation>
  <requestDocuments>
      <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">Dimension².</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
<ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
          <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
  <record>
      <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="">
          <subfield code="a">Skeireins aivaggeljons þairh ... Johannen.</subfield>
      </datafield>
   </record>
</collection>
]]>
          </content>
</ingestDocument>
</requestDocuments></request>










Dimension².













Skeireins aivaggeljons þairh Johannen

 

 

 

Author

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Headings

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.1.2

Multi-word Headings(Word-by-Word)

 

Title

<request>
    <user>ole-khuntley</user>
    <operation>batchIngest</operation>
    <requestDocuments>
        <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">N. E. Zenith Co.</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
        <ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">New, Agnes</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
        <ingestDocument id="3" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">networks</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
        <ingestDocument id="4" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">New Age</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
        <ingestDocument id="5" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">new moon</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
        <ingestDocument id="6" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">New Ayork</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    </requestDocuments>
</request>

N. E. Zenith Co.
networks
New Age
New, Agnes
New Ayork
new moon 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.2

Headings with Qualifiers

 

Title

<request>
    <user>ole-khuntley</user>
    <operation>batchIngest</operation>
    <requestDocuments>
    <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">Bill Clinton; a life</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    <ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">bill (ornithology)</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    <ingestDocument id="3" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">bill (bank note)</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    </requestDocuments>
</request>

bill (bank note)
Bill Clinton; a life
bill (ornithology)

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.3

Headings with Identical Initial Words

 

Title

<request>
    <user>ole-khuntley</user>
    <operation>batchIngest</operation>
    <requestDocuments>
     <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">New (Zealand)</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>   
     <ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">New York</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
     <ingestDocument id="3" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">New</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    </requestDocuments>
</request>

New
New York
New (Zealand)

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.6

Headings Beginning with Articles

 

Title

<request>
    <user>ole-khuntley</user>
    <operation>batchIngest</operation>
    <requestDocuments>
    <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">The man</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>      
    <ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">Man</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    <ingestDocument id="3" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">A man</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    <ingestDocument id="4" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">Man, A see A man</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    <ingestDocument id="5" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">The boy</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>    
    </requestDocuments>
</request>

A man
Man
Man, A see A man
The boy
The man

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Abbreviations

 

Title

<request>
    <user>ole-khuntley</user>
    <operation>batchIngest</operation>
    <requestDocuments>
    <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">abacus</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    <ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">A.B.C.</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    <ingestDocument id="3" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">abdomen</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    <ingestDocument id="4" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">Aarhus</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
    <ingestDocument id="5" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">A B C</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>               
    </requestDocuments>
</request>

A B C
Aarhus
abacus
A.B.C.
abdomen

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

Numbers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.2

Punctuation in Numbers

 

Title

<request>
    <user>ole-khuntley</user>
    <operation>batchIngest</operation>
    <requestDocuments>  
        <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">5,000- and 10,000-year</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
        <ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">5000 años de historia</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
        <ingestDocument id="3" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">$5000 reward</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>        
    </requestDocuments>
</request>

$5000 reward
5,000- and 10,000-year
5000 años de historia

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

Arrangement of Symbols Other than Numerals and Letters

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7.1

Arrangement in Standardized sequence

 

Title

<request>
    <user>ole-khuntley</user>
    <operation>batchIngest</operation>
    <requestDocuments>
        <ingestDocument id="1" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">""</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
        <ingestDocument id="2" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">#</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>
        <ingestDocument id="3" category="work" type="bibliographic" format="marc">
            <content><![CDATA[
<collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">
    <record>
        <leader></leader>
        <controlfield tag="001"></controlfield>
        <datafield tag="245">
            <subfield code="a">+</subfield>
        </datafield>
    </record>
</collection>
]]>
            </content>
        </ingestDocument>          
    </requestDocuments>
</request>

""
#
+

Superscript and subscript characters are arranged as "on-the-line"  Characters.Basic characters followed by both sub- and superscript characters are arranged in the sequence: basic character - subscript - superscript. 

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